Glossary
The EMN Glossary – as one of the key products of the EMN - improves comparability by enabling a common understanding and use of terms and definitions relating to asylum and migration. The Glossary draws on a variety of sources, but primarily on the legislation of the EU asylum and immigration acquis, and makes terms available in the majority of EU Member State languages.
The online version is regularly updated and available in various languages.
- BG: привличане на мозъци
- CZ: příliv mozků
- DE: Brain Gain
- EE: oskustööjõu sissevool
- EN: brain gain
- ES: captación de cerebros
- FI: aivotuonti
- FR: afflux de cerveaux
- GA: inimirce daoine oilte
- GR: κέρδος εγκεφάλων (είναι μεταφορικό)
- HU: there is no widely accepted term, several can be used: agyvisszaszívás / tudásnyerés / brain gain
- IT: acquisizione di cervelli
- LT: protų pritraukimas
- LV: kvalificēta darbaspēka pieplūdums
- MT: Akkwist / Ksib ta’ mħuħ // ta’ nies bi kwalifiki għoljin
- NL: brain gain
- NO: kunnskapsgevinst
- PL: dažniausiai vartojamo išversto termino nėra
- PT: brain gain
- RO: atragerea creierelor / „brain gain”
- SE: dažniausiai vartojamo išversto termino nėra
- SK: získavanie mozgov
- SL: „pridobitev možganov“
Definition
The benefit to a country as a result of the immigration of a highly qualified person.
Synonyms
reverse brain drain
Comments
This can apply to, for example, an EU Member State receiving a highly qualified migrant, as well as a third-country national returning to their country of origin.
Source
Derived by EMN from the definition of ‘brain drain’ in the EMN Glossary
- BG: висококвалифициран миграант
- CZ: vysoce kvalifikovaný zaměstnanec; vysoce kvalifikovaný pracovník
- DE: hochqualifizierter Migrant
- EE: kõrgelt kvalifitseeritud sisserändaja
- EN: highly qualified migrant
- ES: persona migrante altamente cualificada
- FI: korkeasti koulutettu maahanmuuttaja
- FR: migrant hautement qualifié
- GA: imirceach ardcháilithe
- GR: μετανάστης υψηλης εξειδίκευσης
- HU: magasan képzett migráns
- IT: migrante altamente qualificato
- LT: aukštos kvalifikacijos migrantas
- LV: augsti kvalificēts migrants
- MT: Migrant(a) bi kwalifiki għoljin
- NL: hooggekwalificeerde migrant
- NO: høyt kvalifisert migrant (b) / høgt kvalifisert migrant (n)
- PL: migrant wysoko wykwalifikowany
- PT: Migrante altamente qualificado
- RO: migrant înalt calificat
- SE: högkvalificerad migrant
- SK: vysokokvalifikovaný migrant
- SL: visoko kvalificiran migrant
Definition
In the global context, a person falling within ILO ISCO-88 Classes 1, 2 and 3, e.g. a person qualified as a manager, executive, professional, technician or similar, who moves within the internal labour markets of transnational corporations and international organisations, or who seeks employment through international labour markets for scarce skills.
In the EU context, a third-country national who seeks employment in an EU Member State and has the required adequate and specific competence, as proven by higher professional qualifications.
In the EU context, a third-country national who seeks employment in an EU Member State and has the required adequate and specific competence, as proven by higher professional qualifications.
Synonyms
business migrant, highly qualified migrant worker, highly skilled migrant
Comments
1. In some EU Member States, there is a distinction between ‘highly skilled’, referring to someone who has the required adequate and specific competence, as proven by higher educational qualifications, and / or extensive (vocational) experience; and ‘highly qualified’, referring to someone who has required adequate and specific competence, as proven by higher educational qualifications only. In the EU context, however, these terms are considered to be interchangeable, e.g. the definition for 'highly skilled' used in Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 (Migration Statistics Regulation) uses the definition for ‘highly qualified’.
2. The understanding of who is a ‘highly qualified’ and a ‘qualified third-country national’ varies in the EU Member States, with different definitions and concepts existing. Often these depend on national labour market demands and other national criteria. For more information, see EMN: Attracting highly qualified and qualified third-country nationals, 2013.
2. The understanding of who is a ‘highly qualified’ and a ‘qualified third-country national’ varies in the EU Member States, with different definitions and concepts existing. Often these depend on national labour market demands and other national criteria. For more information, see EMN: Attracting highly qualified and qualified third-country nationals, 2013.